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Pediatric asthma inhaled corticosteroid therapy and nursing , relationresultAllergic diseasesin Ruijin .140how to do M .Beijing :Beijing Medical University Peking Union Medical College Joint Publishing House, 1998.
120.Liver cirrhosis complicated by upper digestive tract hemorrhage patients in peri operation period nursing care .Lin Wangju .( Yueyang petrochemical plant workers hospital ,Hunan Yueyang 414014 )article ID :1009- 5519(12-2003)1634- 01CLC number:R47 document code:B in our hospital from 1998 August2001Augustwere treated by liver cirrhosis complicated by upper digestive tract hemorrhage in patients with L8 ,the emergent surgical treatment and nursing ,obtained better curative effect .
1 clinical data this group L8 patients,in which the male L5 cases,female 3 cases ,aged 36 to 65 years,mean age 48 years ,liver function grade (child grade ) class A in 7 cases, B 9 cases,C 2 cases.
The first operation L5 example,again operation in 3 cases, in addition to I C and I B at the level of patient death, its more than recovered discharged .2 nursing 2.1preoperative care:2.
1.1: correctly grasping theemotional ,psychological nursing care of patients regardless of the initial bleeding or recurrent bleeding see hematemesis ,melena may produce nervous and scared psychology ,medical staff should always keep calm ,calm attitude ,use appropriate language to explain and to comfort the patient achieved trust .
At the same time the doctor patient operation ,operation and the necessity of the disease outcome and postoperative recovery ,the patient gained a sense of security .2.1.2 specialist care:( 1)the rapid establishment of two intravenous access ,as the blood supplement blood volume ,blood pressure ,urinary output according to adjust the infusion speed and volume ,the start of infusion should be fast ,moncler outlet,to make up the blood volume should be closely observed, prevent infusion too fast and the occurrence of acute pulmonary edema .
The systolic blood pressure control in 90..120mmHg .Diastolic blood pressure control in 50..70mmHg ,maintaining blood pressure is relatively stable ,to avoid fluctuations in blood pressure due to excessive bleeding again .
( 2)blood ,blood cross matching blood routine examination ,urgent ,prothrombin time ,platelet ,electrolyte and blood gas analysis ,according to the results ,the input of fresh whole blood ,plasma or platelets, appropriate to add electrolyte ,maintain acid-base balance .
( 3)bleeding to allow the patient to absolute bed rest ,head to the side to prevent aspiration of vomit .Nurses should stay in bed .The timely removal of stains ,guide the patient presented with hematemesis in when can not be forced ,breath holding ,lest cause greater bleeding .
( 4)monitoring of heart rate ,blood pressure ,consciousness ,respiratory ,urinary volume changes ,every L5 ~ 3O minutes1 times,give oxygen 2..4L/ rain ,ugg boots italia,pay attention to keep warm .2.2 :2.2.
1postoperative nursingpsychological nursing :postoperative patients are most worried about the effect of operation ,postoperative nurses should take the initiative to tell the patient the operation carried out very smoothly ,reduce their fear .
At the same time guidance to appease the families of removing patients nervousness ,on postoperative adverse complications ,not the truth to tell the patient ,UGG Australia Espaa,should do more psychological support ,establish the confidence to overcome the disease .
This group of patients have been good psychological nursing ,where L6 patients recovered and were discharged.2.2 .2 specialist care:(I ) in patients undergoing general anesthesia for awake ,head to the side of the pillow to supine position ,maintain respiratory tract unobstructed ,prevent aspiration ,give oxygen 2 - 4L /rain .
( 2)strengthen the digestive tract after devascularization operation monitoring ,likely due to mucosal ischemia ,hypoxia or rupture and bleeding of stress ulcer bleeding ,should be carefully observed for stomach ,gastric fistula drainage fluid volume and color ,stool ,timely find problems in a timely manner .
The group of L5 patients withoutbleeding ,2cases withstress ulcer bleeding ,1 cases of gastricmucosal bleeding ,after timely treatment were under control .( 3)postoperative peritoneal cavity drainage tube to maintain patency ,avoid distortion ,loss ,prevent abdominal internal after splenectomy splenic fossa blood infection .
( 4)recorded 24 hours urine volume ,timely monitoring of laboratory examination ,blood routine ,appropriate input new blood ,MBT cipo rak,plasma and albumin ,as far as possible selection for liver and kidney function without damage to the antibiotics .
( 5)pain is a common postoperative symptoms ,patients often due to wound pain and irritability ,poor sleep, afraid of the pain but not forced to cough ,turning to hypostatic pneumonia and the occurrence of bedsore ,therefore ,must listen to the patient the patient complained of ,pay attention to its experience ,at the same time with the drug to achieve effective analgesics ,moncler outlet,surgery after abdominal belt protection and guidance of the patient with pressed wound incision ,forced expectoration ,help it over .
The group of L8 patients due tocare properly, there were no complications .3 nursing ofupper digestive tract hemorrhage in liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension is extremely serious complications ,bleeding ferocious, seriously endanger the patient ,nurses should have a stronger strain capacity ,closely cooperate with doctors to achieve rapid ,accurate ,and decisively to give patients the most effective emergency treatment ,for operation time ,good round surgical operation period nursing of ,to make patients recover .
120.Liver cirrhosis complicated by upper digestive tract hemorrhage patients in peri operation period nursing care .Lin Wangju .( Yueyang petrochemical plant workers hospital ,Hunan Yueyang 414014 )article ID :1009- 5519(12-2003)1634- 01CLC number:R47 document code:B in our hospital from 1998 August2001Augustwere treated by liver cirrhosis complicated by upper digestive tract hemorrhage in patients with L8 ,the emergent surgical treatment and nursing ,obtained better curative effect .
1 clinical data this group L8 patients,in which the male L5 cases,female 3 cases ,aged 36 to 65 years,mean age 48 years ,liver function grade (child grade ) class A in 7 cases, B 9 cases,C 2 cases.
The first operation L5 example,again operation in 3 cases, in addition to I C and I B at the level of patient death, its more than recovered discharged .2 nursing 2.1preoperative care:2.
1.1: correctly grasping theemotional ,psychological nursing care of patients regardless of the initial bleeding or recurrent bleeding see hematemesis ,melena may produce nervous and scared psychology ,medical staff should always keep calm ,calm attitude ,use appropriate language to explain and to comfort the patient achieved trust .
At the same time the doctor patient operation ,operation and the necessity of the disease outcome and postoperative recovery ,the patient gained a sense of security .2.1.2 specialist care:( 1)the rapid establishment of two intravenous access ,as the blood supplement blood volume ,blood pressure ,urinary output according to adjust the infusion speed and volume ,the start of infusion should be fast ,moncler outlet,to make up the blood volume should be closely observed, prevent infusion too fast and the occurrence of acute pulmonary edema .
The systolic blood pressure control in 90..120mmHg .Diastolic blood pressure control in 50..70mmHg ,maintaining blood pressure is relatively stable ,to avoid fluctuations in blood pressure due to excessive bleeding again .
( 2)blood ,blood cross matching blood routine examination ,urgent ,prothrombin time ,platelet ,electrolyte and blood gas analysis ,according to the results ,the input of fresh whole blood ,plasma or platelets, appropriate to add electrolyte ,maintain acid-base balance .
( 3)bleeding to allow the patient to absolute bed rest ,head to the side to prevent aspiration of vomit .Nurses should stay in bed .The timely removal of stains ,guide the patient presented with hematemesis in when can not be forced ,breath holding ,lest cause greater bleeding .
( 4)monitoring of heart rate ,blood pressure ,consciousness ,respiratory ,urinary volume changes ,every L5 ~ 3O minutes1 times,give oxygen 2..4L/ rain ,ugg boots italia,pay attention to keep warm .2.2 :2.2.
1postoperative nursingpsychological nursing :postoperative patients are most worried about the effect of operation ,postoperative nurses should take the initiative to tell the patient the operation carried out very smoothly ,reduce their fear .
At the same time guidance to appease the families of removing patients nervousness ,on postoperative adverse complications ,not the truth to tell the patient ,UGG Australia Espaa,should do more psychological support ,establish the confidence to overcome the disease .
This group of patients have been good psychological nursing ,where L6 patients recovered and were discharged.2.2 .2 specialist care:(I ) in patients undergoing general anesthesia for awake ,head to the side of the pillow to supine position ,maintain respiratory tract unobstructed ,prevent aspiration ,give oxygen 2 - 4L /rain .
( 2)strengthen the digestive tract after devascularization operation monitoring ,likely due to mucosal ischemia ,hypoxia or rupture and bleeding of stress ulcer bleeding ,should be carefully observed for stomach ,gastric fistula drainage fluid volume and color ,stool ,timely find problems in a timely manner .
The group of L5 patients withoutbleeding ,2cases withstress ulcer bleeding ,1 cases of gastricmucosal bleeding ,after timely treatment were under control .( 3)postoperative peritoneal cavity drainage tube to maintain patency ,avoid distortion ,loss ,prevent abdominal internal after splenectomy splenic fossa blood infection .
( 4)recorded 24 hours urine volume ,timely monitoring of laboratory examination ,blood routine ,appropriate input new blood ,MBT cipo rak,plasma and albumin ,as far as possible selection for liver and kidney function without damage to the antibiotics .
( 5)pain is a common postoperative symptoms ,patients often due to wound pain and irritability ,poor sleep, afraid of the pain but not forced to cough ,turning to hypostatic pneumonia and the occurrence of bedsore ,therefore ,must listen to the patient the patient complained of ,pay attention to its experience ,at the same time with the drug to achieve effective analgesics ,moncler outlet,surgery after abdominal belt protection and guidance of the patient with pressed wound incision ,forced expectoration ,help it over .
The group of L8 patients due tocare properly, there were no complications .3 nursing ofupper digestive tract hemorrhage in liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension is extremely serious complications ,bleeding ferocious, seriously endanger the patient ,nurses should have a stronger strain capacity ,closely cooperate with doctors to achieve rapid ,accurate ,and decisively to give patients the most effective emergency treatment ,for operation time ,good round surgical operation period nursing of ,to make patients recover .
